The following book provides detailed information about the algorithms that are used to create the Microsoft Office Excel analysis tools and functions:

• Strum, Robert D., and Donald E. Kirk. First Principles of Discrete Systems and Digital Signal Processing. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1988.

The following books provide detailed information about statistical methods or algorithms that are used to create the Excel statistical tools and functions:

• Abramowitz, Milton, and Irene A. Stegun, eds. Handbook of Mathematical Functions, with Formulas, Graphs, and Mathematical Tables. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1972.
• Box, George E.P., William G. Hunter, and J. Stuart Hunter. Statistics for Experimenters: An Introduction to Design, Data Analysis, and Model Building. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1978.
• Devore, Jay L. Probability and Statistics for Engineering and the Sciences. 4th ed. Wadsworth Publishing, 1995.
• McCall, Robert B. Fundamental Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences. 5th ed. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1990.
• Press, William H., Saul A. Teukolsky, William T. Vetterling, and Brian P. Flannery. Numerical Recipes in C: The Art of Scientific Computing. 2nd ed. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
• Sokal, Robert R., and F. James Rohlf. Biometry: The Principles and Practice of Statistics in Biological Research. 2nd ed. New York: W. H. Freeman, 1995.